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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) can cause significant impairment, and studies indicate that delays in diagnosis and treatment lead to worse outcomes. This study aimed to assess whether these delays have improved over the past three decades and to identify their causes.

Machine translation remains a challenging area in artificial intelligence, with neural machine translation (NMT) making significant strides over the past decade but still facing hurdles, particularly in translation quality due to the reliance on expensive bilingual training data. This study explores whether large language models (LLMs), like GPT-4, can be effectively adapted for translation tasks and outperform traditional NMT systems.

The authors test how the size-segregation theory applies to the behavior of hollow and irregular-shaped objects.

The authors use machine learning to develop an evidence-based detection tool for identifying human trafficking.

The authors looked at the ability of eggshells to slow ice melting. They found that eggshells were able to increase ice melting time when crushed showing that they were an effective thermal barrier.

The authors looked at variables associated with identity fraud in the US. They found that national unemployment rate and online banking usage are among significant variables that explain identity fraud.

The authors looked at student behaviors around disposal of face masks. The goal of the study was to bring awareness to improper mask disposal and how the resulting litter contributes to overall environmental pollution.

The authors test various machine learning models to improve the accuracy and efficiency of pneumonia diagnosis from X-ray images.

Droughts kill over 45,000 people yearly and affect the livelihoods of 55 million others worldwide, with climate change likely to worsen these effects. However, unlike other natural disasters (hurricanes, etc.), there is no early detection system that can predict droughts far enough in advance to be useful. Bora, Caulkins, and Joycutty tackle this issue by creating a drought prediction model.

Here, seeking to explore new antimicrobial therapies, the authors investigated the antimicrobial activity of Maitake mushroom extract against Staphylococcus epidermidis, a common cause of antibiotic resistant hospital-acquired infections. They found that Maitake extract showed potent antimicrobial activity, with higher concentrations showing inhibition comparable to tetracycline.