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Semiconductors are the center of the fourth industrial revolution as they are key components for all electronics. Exposed wafers made of silicon (Si), which can easily oxidize, convert to silicon dioxide (SiO₂). The surface of SiO₂ wafers consists of many Si-OH bonds, allowing them to easily bond with water, resulting in a “wet” or hydrophilic condition. We sought to determine a way to modify the surface of SiO₂ wafers to become hydrophobic to ensure safe wet cleaning.

The authors looked at how a student's own background influence their attitude towards integration of diverse cultures and ethnicities. While overall students viewed other groups positively, the authors found that groups still indicated they felt judged by their peers.

The authors explore sex-specific differences in the formation of fear memories across several rat brain regions.

In this study the authors look at the use of Indole 3 Carbinol as a treatment for Type II Diabetes finding that it may be an effective treatment.

In this study, the authors conduct a series of experiments within an elevator traveling on an angle to determine if Einstein's Equivalency Principle and motion vector decomposition can be used to calculate the angle of inclination.

Muons, one of the fundamental elementary particles, originate from the collision of cosmic rays with atmospheric particles and are also generated in particle accelerator collisions. In this study, Samson et al analyze the factors that influence muon flux and lifetime using Cosmic Ray Muon Detectors (CRMDs). Overall, the study suggests that water can be used to decrease muon flux and that scintillator orientation is a potential determinant of the volume of data collected in muon decay studies.

In this study, preparations of ginger were tested for an effect on the growth of four common bacterial species.

The authors explore factors affecting graduation rates of students learning English as a second language across Florida counties.

The authors looked at the primary structure of lignin peroxidase in an attempt to identify mutations that would improve both the stability and solubility of the peroxidase protein. The goal is to engineer peroxidase enzymes that are stable to help break down polymers, such as PVC, into monomers that can be reused instead of going to landfills.

In this article, the authors propose an effective, environmentally-friendly method of producing conductive ink using expired waste oil, polystyrene, and graphene.